st week I obtained a full copy from MAF of their investigation into the declawing of 21 Lions and 9 tigers under the care of Mr Craig Busch from 2000 to 2008 respectively. At the time of writing this post Mr Busch has been the subject of new animal cruelty allegations. TVNZ claim they have obtained documents and witness statements concerning the inhumane destruction of unwanted cubs and other incidences. At this stage unless absolute concrete proof is at hand I won't be forming any type of opinion. Brian Edwards on his blog noted this news as "Shameful Journalism". In this case I tend to agree. Bringing such an allegation to Primetime news without clear facts and definite evidence equates to unethical reporting. TVNZ have an obligation to report the facts not sensationalism, in this case their report was exactly that. Sensationalism and nothing more.
The issue between Mr Busch and Zion Wildlife gardens is currently a civil matter to be decided by both the Employment Relations Authority in relation to Mr Busch's Unfair Dismissal Case, and by the High Court concerning the dispute over the ownership of Zion Wildlife Gardens.
In the matter of the Unfair Dismissal Hearing Mr Busch like any other person classed as an employee is entitled to a fair and unbiased hearing by the Employment Relations Authority as prescribed in the Employment Relations Act 2000. Sensationalist type reports that have been circulating such as drug taking, unfounded animal cruelty allegations have had no basis in fact nor will be they considered relevant to the individual case. The Employment Relations Authority will take into the account the facts concerning the conditions of Mr Busch's employment and nothing else but the facts. In due course they will reconviene the hearing - a date is yet to advised for this.
However on the declawing I have obtained the proof and from the source namely MAF who released this to me under the Official Information Act. The link to this report was posted on Mr Busch's Facebook Fan Page. Below is the response from Mr Busch's colleague as posted on Facebook concerning the declawings:
Declawing of big cats is a contentious issue and we would like to address this.
In the year 2000 Craig brought his first tigers into New Zealand. Having sought and followed advice from experts in America, he spoke to vets in the quarantine area and the cats were declawed. This took place in the presence of MAF vets who made no comment and accept that this would quite properly have been taken as tacit acceptance that this was standard practice. The cats have never shown any negative effects from the operation. In fact one declawed lion at another zoo lived to the age of 22 and never showed any ill effects from declawing. Two of the cats at Zion were declawed before being given to Craig and brought to New Zealand. Since 2006, all cats declawed at Zion have been done so under the authority of the Director Patricia Busch.
Declawing is still standard practice in the US and most big cats used in films have undergone the procedure – this includes ‘Clarence’, ‘The Ghosts in the Darkness’ and the tigers in ‘Gladiator.’ * In fact declawing was banned in 2006 by the US Government. See Media Release at the bottom of this post
In the matter of declawing, Craig has always acted on advice from experts in the field, and the declawing that has taken place has done so for the following reasons:
• To prevent cats from injuring each other (like the one who could so easily have lost an eye in the latest series of The Zoo.)
• To create a safer environment for human interaction with the cats, in turn providing the cats with behavioral enrichment and promoting their conservation
• And, coincidentally, reducing damage to their natural surroundings, for example trees.
At no time has Craig ever broken the law and has always acted with the best interests of his cats uppermost in his mind. Since other interpretations of the declawing procedure have been brought to his attention by MAF, who up until July 2008 had no issue with the procedure, the declawing policy has been reviewed and no further such operations will take place involving his animals.
Jill
Overall the reasons given for Mr Busch's requesting the veterinarians concerned to declaw 21 Lions and 9 tigers are in line with the MAF Report- with the exception of one that has been outlined in the MAF report as follows
- Limiting the ability of the animals to do damage to each other when travelling for promotional purposes.
Let's face it. Large Felids aren't cheap to feed. An adult lion requires as least 45kg of meat per day in order to maintain condition. To make the park commercially viable - the obvious option would be to travel these animals around the country in order to increase revenue and publicity for the benefit of Zion Wildlife gardens. However this has been at the expense of the animals concerned. MAF had this to say in their report concerning Mr Busch's reasons for having the animals in his care declawed.
On the face of it, the routine front pad declawing procedures adopted by Zion Wildlife Gardens Limited did not conform with the requirements of the Act which require that a net animal welfare benefit accrue to the animal on which the restricted surgical procedure is to be carried out i.e. directly to the specific
animal that is to be declawed.
MAF veterinarians at no time had questioned these procedures which is disturbing to say the least. MAF Animal Welfare were also not aware of the declawings until things at Zion became a serious issue - however a MAF Insector is mentioned in the investigation as discussing the declawings with Mr Busch but no action was taken. This does not mean despite the claims above that these procedures were in any way legal.
In 2008 during winter inspections a veterinarian with large cat experience was present and produced a report for MAF on the declawings. It was noted by MAF that after further research on declawing and declawing outcomes it was concluded that the procedure was un-necessary in the circumstances cited by Mr Busch and should be immediately curtailed. The veterinarian that produced the report also was in view that the declawing procedures would result in long term physiological damage to those large felids already declawed at Zion citing gait issues and arthritic complications.
Further enquiries were made by MAF with the New Zealand Veterinary Association. The NZVA indicated their endorsement of the position taken in the report that the declawing of large felids at Zion was not in the best interests of the large felids unless it could be demonstrated by the veterinarian performing the procedure on behalf of Zion Wildlife Gardens Limited, that a net animal welfare benefit accrued to the particular animal declawed. In other words there was required to be a medically justified rationale for the declawings of the animals at Zion Wildlife Gardens, by contrast with the general operational and promotional reasons advanced by those concerned in support of front pad declawing of the lions and tigers.
There was no benefit to the animals concerned only to Mr Busch and those involved with hands on contact with these large felids.
Declawing comprises of ten separate amputations of the first toe bone with the claw attached and the severing of tendons and nerves thereof. Thus the animal ends up walking literally on the tip of the second toe bone affecting its physiology overall. While short term effects may not be apparent - given that lions and tigers can live up to 20 years and beyond in captivity the long term effects as described in the report will give these unfortunate animals a lifetime's worth of pain. The justification that it is routine in the US is irrelevant under New Zealand law, as well as the fact that declawing in the US was banned nationwide in 2006 - for this Mr Busch has no valid excuse. His decision was unjustified, inhumane and the law should be changed so people like Mr Busch ,and others who do likewise, as owner regardless of the length of time, should be prosecuted. As it stands at present the law is toothless and does nothing to enhance animal welfare.
It is a very sad state of affairs that this has happened however, it has happened and the best possible outcome is for the welfare of the animals concerned to be put in foremost consideration. What their future as yet will be at Zion Wildlife Gardens - that is yet to be determined.
* The argument that declawing in the USA is routine is completely incorrect. Declawing was banned nationwide in the USA in late 2006. Media Release as follows
DECLAWING captive wild cats BANNED nationwide under Animal Welfare Act
September 6, 2006 : 12:00 AM
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
September 12, 2006
310 795-6215 or 877 PAW-PROJECT
Contact: Jennifer Conrad, DVM
Declawing Banned nationwide under Animal Welfare act
LOS ANGELES, September 12 – Declawing captive wild or exotic animals such as lions, tigers, wolves and bears is no longer permitted under the federal Animal Welfare Act. In the recently announced policy decision of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the agency has declared that declawing, the amputation of the claw-forming bone of an animal's foot, cannot be performed with the intent of making the animals easier to handle. According to the USDA, declawing is "no longer considered to be acceptable when performed solely for handling or husbandry purposes since (declawing) can cause considerable pain and discomfort to the animal and may result in chronic health problems." Defanging, or the removal of canine teeth, from these animals and from primates, such as monkeys and apes, has also been banned.
"This policy change is the culmination of efforts by many animal advocates within and outside the USDA," stated Dr. Jennifer Conrad, director of the Paw Project and exotic animal veterinarian. "It will spare captive animals the crippling pain and misery caused by declawing."
The new policy applies to animals held by USDA license holders including exhibitors, dealers and breeders of wild and exotic animals, as well as research facilities. This decision is estimated to affect thousands of animals. Though the new policy does not affect animals previously altered by these methods, it will protect all animals that have not had these procedures already performed.
Continued routine use of these procedures may subject USDA license holders to citation for noncompliance with the Animal Welfare Act and may result in a fine or license revocation.
The crippling effects of declawing were first presented in a scientific paper by Dr. Jennifer Conrad at the 2002 conference of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians. An attendee of the conference, Dr. Timothy Reichard, then a veterinarian at the Toledo Zoo, expressed interest in Dr. Conrad’s findings. Armed with her data, Dr. Reichard authored the 2004 American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) animal welfare position paper which opposes declawing big cats and which is the basis for the new USDA policy.
USDA Big Cat Specialist, Dr. Laurie Gage has written that "declawing big cats, especially the larger species, is inhumane" and that "depriving them of their claws because they have an owner who has no idea of how to handle or manage them seems unjustified."
The declawing of wild and exotic cats is already illegal in California as the result of AB 1857, the Paw Project-sponsored bill, which was authored by Assemblyman Paul Koretz (D-West Hollywood) and signed into law by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in September 2004. Declawing is classified as "mutilation" by the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, the British counterpart of the AVMA.
Currently there are more than 100 big cat sanctuaries in 41 states caring for thousands of declawed cats. Since 2000, veterinarians working with the Paw Project have performed reparative surgery on over fifty lions, tigers, cougars, leopards, and jaguars that had been victims of declaw surgery. The surgery cannot replace the missing claws, but can lessen many of the crippling effects of declawing.
"This is a major victory for the animals and those who care about them," said Conrad.